Mid 1800s – Mid 1950s
Saw rapid industrial growth, social protest and reform
(Progressive Movement) and utopian idealism.
YMCA and Lysander Richards – practitioners
·
Practitioners used these in their vocational
guidance:
1.
Phrenology
2.
Physiognomy
3.
Palmistry
Frank Parsons – Considered the dominant visionary of
Vocational Guidance
·
Opened the Vocational Bureau in the Civic
Service House (1908)
·
Used the term Vocational Guidance for the first
time in 1908
·
Used a 3-step approach – written in his book Choosing a Vocation (1909)
1.
Clear understanding of yourself, your aptitudes,
interests, ambitions, resources, limitations, and their causes
2.
A knowledge of the requirements and conditions of
success, advantages and disadvantages, compensation, opportunities, and
prospects in different lines of work
3.
True reasoning on the relations of these two
groups of facts
·
Used self-analysis through seven steps:
1.
Personal Data
2.
Self-Analysis
3.
The Person’s Own Choice and Decision
4.
Counselor’s Analysis
5.
Outlook on Vocational Field
6.
Induction and Advice
7.
General Helpfulness in Fitting in the Chosen
Work
James Cottell, Hugo Munsterberg, and H.L. Hollinworth -
advocates
·
Advocates who urged the use of mental test.
·
Army Alpha and Beta tests (WWI) was first
large-scale paper pencil test
Links or videos that are helpful to describe/summarize:
Journal of Career Development – Frank Parsons Overview
Vocational Guidance Counselor SATIRE: (Sometimes we need funny)
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